Image taken with a 19mm lens - the red section denotes the area covered with a 300mm lens.

 

If we take 2 images of the same subject from the same location - one with a 19mm wide angle - the other with a 300mm lens. And then enlarge up just the section covered by the 300mm lens in the image taken with the 19mm lens - we actually find the perspective is the same.

However if we move closer to the subject so as the 19 mm lens fills the frame in the same way as the 300mm lens we find quite a different relationship in terms of perspective.

Of course as longer focal length lens have less depth of field - this also has an effect on the amount of depth of field or areas in focus in the image.

The same area of the scene taken with a 300mm lens but from a position further back- note how the grass in front of the tree and the silver spiral is the only area in sharp focus.

300mm lens from about 35 meters - look how the perspective feels more compressed - the trees in the background appear nearly as large as the subject - they feel closer to the tree with the silver spiral.

19mm lens from about 2 meters - note how the view point or camera position has brought different areas of the scene into the frame - also how the perspective changes - the trees in the background seem more distant - there is a feeling of space expanded - with the wide angle lens look how the depth of field has also increased dramatically from the other image. Wide angle lenses offer greater depth of field.