the photogram as a unique
print
Any
image that can not be copied directly in the way a photograph
can from a negative is termed a unique print. While it is argued
by some that each photograph has perceptible differences and
is a unique image most photograms differ significantly from
the traditional photographic process in that they vary markedly
and are truly unique.
Most
photograms are created by laying objects directly on the paper,
exposing the images and then developing the print. Even thought
we might use the same objects and attempt to lay them on the
paper in the same formation, it is almost impossible to recreate
the same image. Indeed, the uniqueness and randomness of the
photogram is a reason many people are drawn to the process.
The
surrealist movement saw the connection with the subconscious
and the randomness of the process as the idea medium to represent
its aims.
"Projections
..... of objects that dream and talk in their sleep"
is how Tristan Tzara described Man Ray's photograms.
Almost
always the objects end up in a different place. It is also a
reason why many artists who have used the technique explored
issues of design and composition.
Artists
who make photograms often use this uniqueness as a reason to
price the work at a higher rate than a normal photograph.
However,
not all photograms are unique prints; objects can be
laid on top of a piece of glass raise slightly off the
bench, with each piece of sensitive paper slipped underneath
to make an exposure that produces a similar print.
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Photograms
made onto film for instance can be printed repetitively
in the normal manner. However the tonal relationships
will reverse when exposed and processed via the standard
B&W process. |
Mouse
over to view roll over image
Negative
from When
Light Turns to Dust where the photographic image
had completely disintegrated and been replaced by dirt
and dust. I made an edition of 3 prints from each negative.
(Are
prints from these negatives photographs or photograms?)
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A
photogram can be made onto a piece of sheet film,
which in turn can be placed in the enlarger, where multiple
copies are made.
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120 positive film |
Any
transparent or opaque object can be placed in the negative
carrier of the enlarger, projected down and repetitive
prints made. Perhaps objects or liquids could be arranged
on a piece of mylar. |
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